# Phase 6, Plan 1: Docker Containerization & Deployment Automation

---

**plan**: 06-deployment-scale/01-docker-deployment  
**feature**: Docker containerization, automated deployment, environment automation  
**status**: Ready for execution  
**estimated_tasks**: 6  
**total_lines**: ~450 (Dockerfile updates ~200, deploy.sh ~180, compose enhancements ~70)

---

## Overview

This plan hardens the existing Docker setup and creates a single-command deployment script. The system already has Dockerfiles and docker-compose.yml; this plan:

1. **Enhances Dockerfiles** — Add health checks, optimize layers, improve logging
2. **Creates deploy.sh** — Automated deployment with validation, initialization, health checks
3. **Environment automation** — Template generation, pre-flight validation
4. **Docker Compose improvements** — Health checks, volume management, dependency ordering
5. **Documentation** — Quick start guide for operators

**Success**: `./deploy.sh` deploys full stack on fresh Ubuntu 22.04+ in <5 minutes with zero manual steps.

---

## Tasks

### Task 1: Enhance Backend Dockerfile
**File**: `backend/Dockerfile`  
**Status**: Ready  
**Description**: Add health checks, optimize build layers, improve production readiness

**Changes**:
- Add `HEALTHCHECK` instruction (GET /health endpoint)
- Optimize RUN commands (reduce layers)
- Add metadata labels (version, maintainer, build-date)
- Ensure logs go to stdout for Docker log capture
- Pin Python version to 3.12

**Acceptance Criteria**:
- [ ] Dockerfile builds without warnings
- [ ] Health check responds correctly
- [ ] Image size <500MB
- [ ] Container logs visible in `docker logs`
- [ ] All tests still pass

**Testing**:
```bash
docker build -t inventory-backend:test backend/
docker run --rm -p 8000:8000 inventory-backend:test
curl http://localhost:8000/health  # Should return 200
```

---

### Task 2: Enhance Frontend Dockerfile
**File**: `frontend/Dockerfile`  
**Status**: Ready  
**Description**: Add health checks, optimize Next.js production build, logging

**Changes**:
- Add `HEALTHCHECK` instruction (curl to /health or equivalent)
- Multi-stage build (builder + runtime) to reduce image size
- Ensure Next.js logs to stdout
- Optimize node_modules caching layer
- Pin Node.js version to LTS

**Acceptance Criteria**:
- [ ] Dockerfile builds without warnings
- [ ] Health check responds correctly
- [ ] Image size <300MB
- [ ] Next.js startup logs appear in `docker logs`

**Testing**:
```bash
docker build -t inventory-frontend:test frontend/
docker run --rm -p 3000:3000 inventory-frontend:test
curl http://localhost:3000/_next/health  # Or custom endpoint
```

---

### Task 3: Update docker-compose.yml
**File**: `docker-compose.yml`  
**Status**: Ready  
**Description**: Add health checks, improve service dependencies, enhance resilience

**Changes**:
- Add `healthcheck` to all three services (backend, frontend, proxy)
- Update `depends_on` to use health checks (wait_for: service_healthy)
- Add resource limits (memory, CPU)
- Improve volume definitions (use named volumes for persistence)
- Add restart policies (restart: unless-stopped already present; verify)
- Document all environment variables inline

**Acceptance Criteria**:
- [ ] docker-compose up starts all services in order
- [ ] Health checks report healthy status
- [ ] Services restart on failure
- [ ] Logs from all services visible via `docker-compose logs`

**Testing**:
```bash
docker-compose up -d
docker-compose ps  # Should show all healthy
docker-compose logs -f
docker-compose down
```

---

### Task 4: Create deploy.sh (Automated Deployment)
**File**: `deploy.sh` (new, executable)  
**Status**: Ready  
**Description**: Single-command deployment with initialization, validation, health checks

**Content** (~180 lines):
```bash
#!/bin/bash
set -euo pipefail

# Phase 6, Plan 1, Task 4: Automated Deployment Script
# Usage: ./deploy.sh [production|staging|development] [--rebuild]

DEPLOYMENT_ENV="${1:-production}"
REBUILD="${2:---no-rebuild}"

# Color output
RED='\033[0;31m'
GREEN='\033[0;32m'
YELLOW='\033[1;33m'
NC='\033[0m' # No Color

log_info() { echo -e "${GREEN}[INFO]${NC} $1"; }
log_warn() { echo -e "${YELLOW}[WARN]${NC} $1"; }
log_error() { echo -e "${RED}[ERROR]${NC} $1"; exit 1; }

# 1. Pre-flight checks
log_info "Running pre-flight checks..."
command -v docker &> /dev/null || log_error "Docker not installed"
command -v docker-compose &> /dev/null || log_error "Docker Compose not installed"
[[ -f "docker-compose.yml" ]] || log_error "docker-compose.yml not found"
[[ -f "inventory.env" ]] || log_error "inventory.env not found; copy from template"

# 2. Validate environment file
log_info "Validating inventory.env..."
source inventory.env
[[ -z "${BACKEND_PORT:-}" ]] && log_warn "BACKEND_PORT not set; using default 8000"
[[ -z "${FRONTEND_PORT:-}" ]] && log_warn "FRONTEND_PORT not set; using default 3000"

# 3. Check port availability
log_info "Checking port availability..."
for port in ${BACKEND_PORT:-8000} ${FRONTEND_PORT:-3000} ${BACKEND_SSL_PORT:-8918} ${FRONTEND_SSL_PORT:-8919}; do
  netstat -tuln 2>/dev/null | grep -q ":$port " && log_error "Port $port already in use"
done

# 4. Build or pull images
log_info "Building Docker images (${REBUILD})..."
if [[ "$REBUILD" == "--rebuild" ]]; then
  docker-compose build --no-cache
else
  docker-compose build
fi

# 5. Create data directories
log_info "Creating data directories..."
mkdir -p data logs config
[[ -d "data/caddy_data" ]] || mkdir -p data/caddy_data
[[ -d "data/caddy_config" ]] || mkdir -p data/caddy_config

# 6. Initialize database (if not exists)
if [[ ! -f "data/inventory.db" ]]; then
  log_info "Initializing database..."
  # This will be handled by backend startup; just log the action
  log_info "Database will be initialized on first backend startup"
fi

# 7. Start services
log_info "Starting services..."
docker-compose up -d

# 8. Wait for health checks
log_info "Waiting for services to be healthy..."
max_attempts=30
attempt=0
while [[ $attempt -lt $max_attempts ]]; do
  healthy=$(docker-compose ps | grep -c "healthy" || echo "0")
  if [[ $healthy -eq 3 ]]; then
    log_info "All services healthy!"
    break
  fi
  attempt=$((attempt + 1))
  sleep 2
done

if [[ $attempt -eq $max_attempts ]]; then
  log_warn "Services did not become healthy within 60 seconds"
  docker-compose logs
  exit 1
fi

# 9. Verify connectivity
log_info "Verifying connectivity..."
if curl -sf "http://localhost:${BACKEND_PORT:-8000}/health" &> /dev/null; then
  log_info "Backend healthy: http://localhost:${BACKEND_PORT:-8000}"
else
  log_error "Backend health check failed"
fi

# 10. Display summary
log_info "Deployment successful!"
echo ""
echo "Access points:"
echo "  Frontend: http://localhost:${FRONTEND_PORT:-3000}"
echo "  Backend API: http://localhost:${BACKEND_PORT:-8000}"
echo "  Secure (HTTPS): https://localhost:${FRONTEND_SSL_PORT:-8919}"
echo ""
echo "View logs: docker-compose logs -f"
echo "Stop services: docker-compose down"
```

**Acceptance Criteria**:
- [ ] Script exits with error on missing Docker/Compose
- [ ] Pre-flight checks validate all prerequisites
- [ ] Images build successfully
- [ ] Services start and health checks pass
- [ ] Displays access URLs at end
- [ ] Exit code 0 on success, non-zero on failure

**Testing**:
```bash
chmod +x deploy.sh
./deploy.sh production
# Verify all services running and accessible
./deploy.sh staging --rebuild
# Clean up
docker-compose down
```

---

### Task 5: Create Environment Template & Validation
**Files**: 
- `inventory.env.template` (new)
- `.env.validation.sh` (new, 80 lines)

**Status**: Ready  
**Description**: Provide environment template and validation script to prevent misconfiguration

**inventory.env.template**:
```env
# TFM aInventory Deployment Configuration
# Copy to inventory.env and customize for your deployment

# Service Ports
BACKEND_PORT=8000
FRONTEND_PORT=3000
BACKEND_SSL_PORT=8918
FRONTEND_SSL_PORT=8919

# Security
JWT_SECRET_KEY=change_me_in_production_use_openssl_rand_hex_32

# AI Configuration (Optional, uses defaults if not set)
AI_PROVIDER=gemini
GEMINI_API_KEY=
CLAUDE_API_KEY=

# LDAP Configuration (Optional, uses local auth if not set)
LDAP_SERVER=
LDAP_PORT=389
LDAP_BASE_DN=
LDAP_USE_SSL=false

# Database
DATA_DIR=/app/data
DB_PATH=/app/data/inventory.db

# Logging
LOGS_DIR=/app/logs
LOG_LEVEL=INFO

# Network (CORS)
ALLOWED_ORIGINS=http://localhost:3000,https://localhost:8919
EXTRA_ALLOWED_ORIGINS=

# Deployment metadata
DEPLOYMENT_NAME=production
DEPLOYMENT_REGION=default
```

**.env.validation.sh**:
```bash
#!/bin/bash
# Validate inventory.env before deployment

set -euo pipefail

log_error() { echo "[ERROR] $1" >&2; exit 1; }
log_warn() { echo "[WARN] $1" >&2; }

[[ -f "inventory.env" ]] || log_error "inventory.env not found"
source inventory.env

# Validate required variables
[[ -z "${BACKEND_PORT:-}" ]] && log_error "BACKEND_PORT not set"
[[ -z "${FRONTEND_PORT:-}" ]] && log_error "FRONTEND_PORT not set"
[[ "$BACKEND_PORT" =~ ^[0-9]+$ ]] || log_error "BACKEND_PORT must be numeric"
[[ "$FRONTEND_PORT" =~ ^[0-9]+$ ]] || log_error "FRONTEND_PORT must be numeric"

# Warn on defaults
if [[ "${JWT_SECRET_KEY:-}" == "change_me_in_production_use_openssl_rand_hex_32" ]]; then
  log_warn "JWT_SECRET_KEY is using default value; regenerate for production"
fi

echo "[OK] inventory.env validation passed"
```

**Acceptance Criteria**:
- [ ] Template covers all deployment scenarios (dev/staging/prod)
- [ ] Validation script checks all critical variables
- [ ] Clear comments explaining each setting
- [ ] Example values provided (not actual secrets)

---

### Task 6: Create Quick Start Guide & Troubleshooting
**File**: `docs/DEPLOYMENT_QUICKSTART.md` (new, ~150 lines)  
**Status**: Ready  
**Description**: Operator-friendly deployment guide, no domain knowledge required

**Content**:
```markdown
# Deployment Quick Start Guide

## Prerequisites
- Ubuntu 22.04 LTS or similar Linux distro
- Docker 24.0+
- Docker Compose 2.0+
- 2GB RAM, 10GB free disk

## Installation (5 minutes)

### 1. Prepare Environment
\`\`\`bash
git clone <repo> tfm-inventory
cd tfm-inventory
cp inventory.env.template inventory.env
# Edit inventory.env with your deployment settings
\`\`\`

### 2. Generate Secure Secret
\`\`\`bash
openssl rand -hex 32 > /tmp/jwt_secret
# Copy output into inventory.env JWT_SECRET_KEY
\`\`\`

### 3. Deploy
\`\`\`bash
chmod +x deploy.sh
./deploy.sh production
\`\`\`

### 4. Verify Access
- Frontend: http://localhost:3000
- Backend: http://localhost:8000
- API Docs: http://localhost:8000/docs

## Scaling (Adding Users)

System tested and stable with 5 concurrent users. For more:
1. Increase BACKEND_PORT pool (run multiple instances behind load balancer)
2. Monitor logs for errors: `docker-compose logs -f backend`
3. Check database locks: `docker-compose exec backend python -c "import sqlite3; db=sqlite3.connect('/app/data/inventory.db'); print(db.execute('PRAGMA database_list').fetchall())"`

## Troubleshooting

| Issue | Solution |
|-------|----------|
| Port already in use | Change BACKEND_PORT/FRONTEND_PORT in inventory.env |
| Health check failing | Wait 30s, then: `docker-compose logs` to check service logs |
| Database locked | Restart backend: `docker-compose restart backend` |
| HTTPS certificate warning | First-time is normal; trust the certificate in browser |

## Backup & Restore
\`\`\`bash
# Automatic daily backups (see BACKUP_RUNBOOK.md)
./backup.sh daily
./restore.sh data/backups/inventory-2026-04-22.tar.gz
\`\`\`

## Support
- Logs: `docker-compose logs -f`
- Health status: `docker-compose ps`
- Stop all: `docker-compose down`
- Full reset: `docker-compose down -v` (⚠️ deletes data)
```

**Acceptance Criteria**:
- [ ] Guide is readable by non-technical ops teams
- [ ] All 5 steps complete in <5 minutes
- [ ] Troubleshooting covers common issues
- [ ] Links to related docs (backup, scaling, health monitoring)

---

## Dependencies

**Upstream**:
- Phase 5 complete (all features implemented, tests passing)
- Existing Dockerfiles and docker-compose.yml

**Cross-Plan**:
- Plan 2 (Scale Testing) uses `deploy.sh` from this plan
- Plan 3 (Backup/Restore) integrates with deployment structure

**Blocked By**: None

---

## Testing Strategy

### Unit Testing (Standalone)
```bash
# Each component can be tested independently
docker build -t inventory-backend:test backend/
docker build -t inventory-frontend:test frontend/
docker run --rm inventory-backend:test pytest backend/tests/  # Verify tests still pass
```

### Integration Testing
```bash
# Deploy stack
./deploy.sh production --rebuild
# Verify all services healthy
docker-compose ps | grep healthy
# Run smoke tests
curl http://localhost:8000/health
curl http://localhost:3000/
# Verify data persistence
# (detailed in Plan 3)
```

### Deployment Validation
```bash
# On fresh VM with only Docker installed
git clone <repo>
cd tfm-inventory
./deploy.sh production
# Should complete without errors
```

---

## Success Metrics

- [ ] `./deploy.sh` completes in <5 minutes
- [ ] Zero manual intervention required
- [ ] All services report healthy
- [ ] Backend API responds at /health
- [ ] Frontend loads in browser
- [ ] Logs accessible via docker-compose logs
- [ ] Environment validation prevents misconfiguration

---

## Notes

- Existing docker-compose.yml already has 3 services; we enhance, not replace
- Health checks will help automation tools (Kubernetes, Docker Swarm) manage restarts
- Pre-flight checks prevent common pitfalls (port conflicts, missing files)
- Logging to stdout ensures compatibility with container log aggregation

---

**Effort Estimate**: 16 hours (2 days)  
**Dependencies**: None (Phase 5 complete assumed)  
**Risk**: Low (mostly additive enhancements to existing Dockerfiles)

---

Last updated: 2026-04-22 (Planning Phase)